二、政策部署
Anti-Epidemic Guidelines and Arrangements
1. 优先满足一线医护人员和救治病人需要
2020年2月3日，习近平主持召开中共中央政治局常委会会议，强调要重点抓好防治力量的区域统筹，坚决把救治资源和防护资源集中到抗击疫情第一线，优先满足一线医护人员和救治病人需要。2月14日，习近平在中共中央全面深化改革委员会第十二次会议讲话中强调，要平战结合、补齐短板，健全优化重大疫情救治体系，建立健全分级、分层、分流的传染病等重大疫情救治机制，支持一线临床技术创新，及时推广有效救治方案。2月23日，习近平在统筹推进新冠肺炎疫情防控和经济社会发展工作部署会议讲话中强调，要发挥好高水平医疗团队作用，把好钢用在刀刃上，在重症救治、病例指导、方案优化等方面更好发挥他们的作用。
医务人员是战胜疫情的中坚力量。从医院救治一线到科研攻关前沿，从完善诊疗方案、精心救治患者，到治愈率不断提高、病亡率持续下降，各地不断传来患者治愈出院的好消息。广大医务人员为打赢疫情防控阻击战筑起了生命防线、提供了专业支撑。
各级党委和政府积极采取务实、贴心的举措，帮助广大医务人员解决实际困难和问题，免除后顾之忧。措施体现在三个方面：把生活保障做到位，改善工作和休息条件，合理安排医务人员轮休，落实有关待遇，提供良好后勤服务；把安全保障做到位，医疗防护物资优先满足一线医护人员和救治病人需要，加大对暴力伤医违法行为打击力度；把人文关怀做到位，加强心理危机干预和心理疏导，保护好医务人员身心健康。
Ensuring Priority Access of Frontline Medical Workers and Patients
On February 3, at the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Xi Jinping underscored coordination among epidemic prevention and control forces among different regions, and demanded concentrating treatment and protective resources on the front line and giving priority to the needs of frontline medical workers and patients.
On February 14, at the meeting of the Commission for Comprehensive Reform under the CPC Central Committee, Xi emphasized the need to get prepared for both peacetime and epidemic time, improve the areas of weakness, improve the medical treatment system for major epidemics, establish a sound graded, multilevel treatment mechanism for infectious diseases and other major epidemic situations, support innovations of frontline clinical technology, and promptly promote effective treatment plans.
On February 23, speaking to the meeting held to coordinate epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, he called for giving full play to the high-level medical teams where they are most needed: curing severe cases, guiding medical practices, and optimizing treatment plans.
Medical workers are the backbone force in defeating the epidemic. From saving lives in frontline hospitals to conducting research to tackle key problems, from updating the guidelines on diagnosis and treatment, treating the patients with all possible approaches, to continuously raising the recovery rate and lowering the case fatality rate, heartening reports are pouring in from all over the country as more and more patients are cured and discharged from the hospital. A large number of medical workers have built a line of defense and provided professional support for winning the war.
Party committees and governments at all levels have actively taken pragmatic and intimate measures to help medical workers overcome difficulties, solve problems, and eliminate worries: (1) offering them more support in daily life by improving their working and resting conditions, properly arranging off-days in rotation, implementing relevant preferential policies and providing good logistics services; (2) offering them more security assurance by first providing sufficient medical protective materials to frontline medical workers and patients, and punishing illegal acts of hospital violence; and (3) offering them more humanistic care and psychological intervention and counseling, and protecting both their physical and mental health.
2. 防控力量向社区下沉
2020年2月10日，习近平在北京调研指导新冠肺炎疫情防控工作时强调，社区是疫情联防联控的第一线，也是外防输入、内防扩散最有效的防线，把社区这道防线守住，就能有效切断疫情扩散蔓延的渠道，全国都要充分发挥社区在疫情防控中的阻击作用，把防控力量向社区下沉，加强社区各项防控措施的落实，使所有社区成为疫情防控的坚强堡垒。
社区是城市管理的神经末梢，是最基本的管理单元，也是力量相对薄弱的地方。疫情发生以来，中国各地充分发挥社区在疫情防控中的阻击作用，把防控力量沉到基层、落到实处。从入户排查到重点人群监控，从疫情发现报告到病患及时收治，广大社区构筑起疫情防控的人民防线；广大党员干部冲上一线，拿出战时状态的精气神和行动力，靠前指挥、冲在一线，在紧张的战斗中提高能力、锤炼作风；社区工作人员用脚步丈量民情民意，及时掌握在材料报表和办公室里察觉不到的情况，通过发现问题、解决问题推动防控工作做实做细，与广大群众一起为夺取疫情防控最终胜利而不懈努力。
Empowering Communities to Prevent and Control the Spread of the Coronavirus
When inspecting Beijing’s COVID-19 prevention on February 10, Xi Jinping stressed that the community is the front line of joint prevention and control, and the most effective line of defense to stop the coronavirus from entering and spreading within a region. We can effectively cut off the route of spread if we hold firm the line of defense at the communities. The communities need play their due role, and they should also be empowered to apply various prevention and control measures, so that every community will become a strong bastion defending against the epidemic.
Communities are the nerve endings of urban management. They are also where the administration is relatively weak. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, communities across China have been fully mobilized to conduct door-to-door screening, monitoring of target groups, and detection of suspected cases for timely treatment. A large number of Party members and officials have rushed to the front line and take on resolute actions on a war footing. And this has helped improve their abilities and conduct. Many community workers have visited the families in need to learn about the true situation, which they will never find in report forms and their offices, and in getting the problems solved they have promoted epidemic prevention and control earnestly. And by working with the residents, they build great synergy to win the final victory over the epidemic.
3. 统筹疫情防控与经济社会秩序恢复
2020年2月12日，习近平主持召开中共中央政治局常委会会议，强调要统筹疫情防控与经济社会秩序恢复。会议指出，今年是全面建成小康社会和“十三五”规划收官之年，各级党委和政府要努力把新冠肺炎疫情影响降到最低，保持经济平稳运行和社会和谐稳定，努力实现党中央确定的各项目标任务；要加大宏观政策调节力度，针对疫情带来的影响，研究制定相应政策措施；要更好发挥积极的财政政策作用，加大资金投入，保障好各地疫情防控资金需要；要继续研究出台阶段性、有针对性的减税降费措施，缓解企业经营困难；要保持稳健的货币政策灵活适度，对防疫物资生产企业加大优惠利率信贷支持力度，对受疫情影响较大的地区、行业和企业完善差异化优惠金融服务；要以更大力度实施好就业优先政策，完善支持中小微企业的财税、金融、社保等政策；要在确保做好防疫工作的前提下，分类指导，有序推动央企、国企等各类企业复工复产；要多措并举做好高校毕业生等群体就业工作，确保就业大局稳定。
2020年2月23日，习近平在统筹推进新冠肺炎疫情防控和经济社会发展工作部署会议的讲话中强调，各级党委和政府要坚定必胜信念，咬紧牙关，继续毫不放松抓紧抓实抓细各项防控工作；要变压力为动力、善于化危为机，有序恢复生产生活秩序，强化“六稳”举措，加大政策调节力度，把国家发展的巨大潜力和强大动能充分释放出来，努力实现今年经济社会发展目标任务。
统筹推进疫情防控和经济社会发展工作，关键是抓好中央决策部署的贯彻落实。疫情严重或高风险地区继续集中精力抓好疫情防控工作，中风险地区依据防控形势有序复工复产，低风险地区把防控策略调整到外防输入上来，全面恢复生产生活秩序。
Coordinating Epidemic Prevention and Control and Restoration of Economic and Social Order
While presiding over a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on February 12, Xi Jinping called for coordinating epidemic prevention and control and restoration of economic and social order. As China will complete building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects and conclude its 13th Five-year Plan in 2020, Party committees and governments at all levels must strive to minimize the impacts of the COVID-19 epidemic, maintain smooth economic operation and social stability, and fulfill the goals and tasks set by the CPC Central Committee. They need to do the following work:
* strengthening macro policy regulation and formulating policies and measures to address epidemic impacts;
* better leveraging a proactive fiscal policy and increasing budgetary input to ensure the funding for epidemic prevention and control in various localities;
* introducing phased and targeted measures of tax cuts and fee reductions to alleviate the operational difficulties of enterprises;
* maintaining a prudent and flexible monetary policy, providing more credit aid with preferential interest rates to enterprises producing anti-epidemic materials, and improving differentiated preferential financial services for the areas, industries and enterprises hard-hit by the epidemic;
* making greater efforts to implement the employment priority policy, and improving the fiscal, taxation, financial and social insurance policies that support small and medium-sized enterprises;
* giving classified guidance for the resumption of work and production of central and state-owned enterprises and other businesses in an orderly manner on the premise of ensuring all epidemic prevention work is done well; and
* taking multiple measures to promote the employment of college graduates and other groups, and ensure overall stability of employment.
On February 23, at the meeting held to make overall arrangements in advancing prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic and getting the economy and society back to normal, Xi Jinping emphasized that Party committees and governments at all levels must have confidence in victory, bite the bullet, and continue to implement prevention and control measures without the slightest slackening. They need to turn pressure into power and turn adversity into opportunities, and restore production and livelihood of the people in an orderly manner. They should work to maintain stability in employment, financial operations, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations, strengthen policy regulation, fully release the great potential and strong momentum of the whole nation, and strive to achieve the goals and tasks set for this year’s economic and social development.
To coordinate the endeavors, the key lies in implementing the decisions and deployments made by the CPC Central Committee. The regions hit hard by the epidemic or regions with high risk of infection should continue to concentrate on epidemic prevention and control; the medium-risk regions should resume work and production in an orderly manner; and the low-risk regions should shift their focus to guard against imported cases from outside, and fully restore local production and livelihood of the people.
4. 武汉保卫战
2020年2月11日，习近平通过视频连线听取中央指导组、湖北指挥部汇报时作出部署，要求坚决打赢武汉保卫战、湖北保卫战。
武汉胜则湖北胜，湖北胜则全国胜。一段时间内，疫情防控处于胶着对垒状态，湖北和武汉疫情形势仍然十分严峻。打赢武汉保卫战，首先要清醒认识武汉疫情的特殊性，武汉是疫情初发地，不仅早发多发，而且比市外省外更为长久、更为严重；其次要清醒认识武汉疫情的不确定性，与输入地相比，武汉感染者底数没有完全摸清，蔓延扩散的规模也没有较为精准的估计预测；再次要清醒认识武汉防控工作的薄弱点，疫情防控还存在确诊难、收治难、隔离难、保障难等薄弱环节；此外，舆情应对较为被动、网络舆情引导不到位、辟谣不及时，这些都影响了社会舆论环境。
The War to Defend Wuhan Against the Coronavirus
On February 11, in a video call with the Central Guiding Team and Hubei’s Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter, Xi Jinping ordered to resolutely defend Wuhan and Hubei and win the war against the coronavirus.
If Wuhan wins, Hubei wins. If Hubei wins, the whole country wins. For quiet a long time to come, epidemic prevention and control will remain a stalemate, and the epidemic situation in Wuhan and Hubei is very grim. To defeat the virus and protect Wuhan, people must first have a clear understanding of the particularity of the epidemic in the city. Wuhan is where the outbreak first occurred and the city has reported the most cases of infection, and the epidemic is predicted to last longer here and cause more serious damages to Wuhan than other places. Second, people need to have a clear understanding of the uncertainty of the epidemic in Wuhan, as the city has no actual number of its infected people, and the scale of spread is not predictable. Third, they need to have a clear understanding of the weakness in Wuhan’s epidemic prevention and control, as there are still difficulties in definite diagnosis, hospital admission, isolation and daily life support. Besides, there are problems such as passive response to public concerns, indolence in managing social media sentiment, and sluggishness in refuting rumors, all of which have affected the social opinion environment.
5. 湖北保卫战
2020年2月11日，习近平通过视频连线听取中央指导组、湖北指挥部汇报时作出部署，要求坚决打赢武汉保卫战、湖北保卫战。
疫情防控，湖北和武汉是重中之重；打赢疫情防控阻击战，湖北和武汉是决胜之地。武汉胜则湖北胜，湖北胜则全国胜。要打赢湖北保卫战，疫情防控这张大网中绝不允许存在任何一个盲点和漏洞。湖北省新冠肺炎疫情防控指挥部多次要求，落实全面排查，狠抓源头防控，充实收治力量，锚定“清零”目标。全省迅速作出响应，各地不断充实力量，下沉街道、社区、农村，全面排查患者人数、医院床位数等，尽最大努力加快疑似患者的检测、隔离以及确诊患者的收治、诊疗工作。
稳住了湖北和武汉疫情，就稳住了全国大局。为了更好完成对口支援任务，各省份精细筹备、精准施策、强化保障，一批批医务人员和物资集结到一线，全力支持湖北各地市加强病人救治、疫情防控工作；数十家单位紧密配合，各地建设力量迅速汇聚，短时间内建好武汉火神山、雷神山医院；军队保证医疗物资和人员有效投送，抽组大量医护人员奔赴疫情防控最前线。力量向湖北集结，资源向湖北倾斜，凝聚起众志成城抗击疫情的强大力量。
The War to Defend Hubei Against the Coronavirus
On February 11, in a video call with the Central Guiding Team and Hubei’s Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarter, Xi Jinping ordered to resolutely defend Wuhan and Hubei and win the war against the coronavirus.
Wuhan and Hubei are the top priorities for epidemic prevention and control, and they are the decisive places to win the war against the coronavirus. If Wuhan wins, Hubei wins. If Hubei wins, the whole country wins. To secure a victory, no blind spot or loophole shall be allowed in the large network of epidemic prevention and control.
Hubei’s Epidemic Prevention and Control Headquarters has reiterated the importance of conducting thorough screening to stop the epidemic at its source, and expanding the admission capacity to achieve the goal of “zero infection.” The whole province quickly responded, dispatching a large number of workers to the communities and villages to check the number of patients and hospital beds, and trying the utmost to accelerate detection and isolation of suspected cases and admission and treatment of confirmed cases.
The situation of the whole country will become stabilized if the epidemic in Wuhan and Hubei is put under control. To better render paired-up assistance, various provinces have made meticulous preparations, worked out precise policies, sent medical workers and materials to support every single city of Hubei province. Thanks to close cooperation of dozens of units and combined efforts of construction forces from across the country, the two hospitals – Huoshenshan and Leishenshan – were built in a very short time. The military also ensured effective delivery of medical supplies and personnel and dispatched a large number of medical workers to the forefront. Together they formed a great force in support of Hubei fighting the epidemic.
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